I-IP telephony, ebizwa nangokuthi i-VOIP. Iwuhlobo lwesimanje lokuxhumana olusezingeni eliphezulu olukuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ifoni yakho ku-inthanethi noma iyiphi enye inethiwekhi ye-IP ukwenza izingcingo, ukuxhumana ngevidiyo, amafeksi amazwe ngamazwe kanye namabanga amade ngesikhathi sangempela.
Iqukethe ukuxhumana ngocingo okungahlukaniswa ngokwezinombolo zezimpawu, kodwa ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswe izinhlobo ezimbili: ukusebenzisa isofthiwe noma ucingo olukhethekile nokuxhumana kusetshenziswa amakhadi.
I-IP telephony imele isethi yezimiso zokuxhumana, okokusebenza kwe-VoIP, isofthiwe, ubuchwepheshe, nezindlela ezihlinzeka ngemisebenzi enamandla, okungeyona eyendabuko yokuxhumana ngocingo.
Izinga lokuxhumana ngezwi nge-inthanethi lincike ekudluleni kwesignali yedijithali, ethwala amaphakethe edatha ukusuka kwelinye iphuzu ukuya kwelinye. Kuwubuchwepheshe obunikeza isevisi esheshayo, elula neyongayo.
Ukuze ufunde kabanzi mayelana ne-IP telephony, hlala nathi lapha. Sizokukhombisa umehluko phakathi kwe-IP kanye nefoni ye-analog, ukuthi isebenza kanjani, izinzuzo zayo, izindleko kanye nendlela yokuqasha insiza. Zitholele lolu hlobo olusha lokuxhumana.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-IP ne-analog telephony
Umehluko phakathi kwe-IP kanye nocingo lwe-analog ukuntuleka kwentambo nocingo lwendabuko, ezisetshenziswa ucingo lwe-analog. Esikhundleni salokho, ngenhlangano yokuxhumana ngocingo ngamanethiwekhi e-IP, imishini ekhethekile isetshenziswa njengesango le-IP telephony.
I-IP telephony ayinakho ukuxhumana okuvamile kwefoni, okunamadivayisi ajwayelekile namakhebuli. Ukuxhumana kwenzeka ngemishini enokufinyelela okuqondile ku-inthanethi. Kungaba amakhompyutha kuphela, kodwa futhi amaphilisi noma amadivaysi eselula. Ama-headphone alalelwayo ayadingeka uma ikhompyutha ingenazo izipikha nemakrofoni.
I-IP telephony isebenza kanjani
I-IP telephony isebenza kanje. Izwi elikukhompyutha (noma ocingweni lwe-IP) liguqulwa libe isignali yedijithali futhi lidluliselwe kukhompuyutha yomunye umuntu (ifoni ye-IP). Lapho, iguqulwa ibe isignali ye-analog futhi idlalwe ngesipika.
Uma kwenzeka ucingo lufika ocingweni olujwayelekile, isignali idlula esangweni le-IP eliguqula isignali yedijithali (VoIP) ibe yi-analog. Kwenzeka okufanayo lapho ushaya izingcingo nge-IP telephony kumaselula.
Isignali idluliselwa ngedijithali ngokusebenzisa isiteshi sokuxhumana futhi, njengomthetho, iguqulwa (icindezelwe) ngaphambi kokudluliselwa ukuze isuse ulwazi oluthe xaxa futhi inciphise umthwalo kunethiwekhi yokudlulisa idatha.
Lapho ufika ekhelini lomamukeli, ulwazi oludlulisiwe lukhishwa ikhodi futhi, kutholwe ifomethi yesignali yezwi evamile. Konke lokhu kwenzeka endabeni yezingxenye zesekhondi, ngesikhathi sangempela ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ikhwalithi yokudlulisela.
Izinzuzo zefoni ye-IP
Inzuzo enkulu yocingo lwe-IP ekwehliseni izindleko zokuxhumana. Ezimweni eziningi, singaba nocingo lwe-IP lwamahhala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayikho imingcele mayelana nokuxhumana. Ubulula bokucushwa kanye nezinga lokuphepha ezinye izinzuzo ezimbili ezinkulu lobu buchwepheshe obunazo. Futhi inezinzuzo ezengeziwe ezi-5:
- Ukufinyeleleka nokuhamba. Ingafinyelelwa cishe kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikuphi indawo. Udinga kuphela ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi okushesha kakhulu
- Amandla aphezulu. Amathuba wokucupha okukhula ngokushesha, ukwethula izinsiza ezintsha.
- Ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo nokuvikeleka. Ngenxa yeziteshi zokuxhumana ezibethelwe, ukufinyelela kolwazi ngabantu besithathu kuvaliwe
- Amathuba. Ukudluliswa kwedatha okungenamkhawulo. Ngocingo lwe-IP, ungahlela izinkomfa zomsindo, uthumele ulwazi ngombhalo namanye amafomethi.
- Isixazululo esilungile. Amahhovisi, izinkampani nezinhlangano ziyazuza ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo, ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise ngokugcwele ukuxhumana ngaphandle kokwenza noma yimuphi umzamo.
Izindleko zocingo lwe-IP
Ngokusebenzisa ucingo lwe-VOIP, umehluko wamanani uma kuqhathaniswa nokuxhumana kwe-analogi ungabonakala ngokucacile. Izingcingo azikhokhiswa ngaphakathi kwenethiwekhiOkusho ukuthi, ababhalisile abasebenzisa izinsizakalo zomhlinzeki wocingo we-IP baxhumana kusetshenziswa isoftware noma ihadiwe, ukonga imali.
Njengoba ithrafikhi ye-inthanethi ingenayo inkomba yendawo, ibanga phakathi kwesifunda sokuthumela kanye nesifunda sokuthola ulwazi nalo alibalulekile, ngokungafani nokuxhumana okuvamile ngocingo, okusebenza ngesimiso sokuthi 'ngokuqhubekayo, ngokuqhubekayo. kuyabiza". Ayikho inkokhiso eyengeziwe yokuthumela ithrafikhi kunoma iyiphi indawo oya kuyo.
Lapho ushaya izingcingo kumaselula noma olayini basendlini phesheya noma kwezinye izifunda, izindleko zezindleko zibuye zibe i-oda lobukhulu eliphansi kunenethiwekhi ye-analog (ngaphansi kwama-euro ayi-10). Ayikho imali ekhokhwayo ngomugqa wobhalisile, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi, esikhundleni salokho, kufanele ukhokhele ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi ngamanani omhlinzeki.
Ungayithola kanjani inkontileka ye-IP telephony
Ukuze ujabulele le sevisi kufanele ube: Uxhumano lwe-inthanethi, uqashe izinsizakalo zenkampani esebenza nesevisi yocingo lwe-IP futhi ube nedivayisi yokushaya izingcingo. Phakathi kwama-opharetha ahamba phambili e-VOIP eSpain yilawa: i-Monema, i-Mundo IP, i-Vozelia, i-Telsome, i-Voztelecom ne-Telefacil.
Ama-opharetha ahlinzeka ngale sevisi anezinhlelo ezimbalwa zekhwalithi, ezinokwesekwa okusheshayo nokuphumelelayo. Khetha leyo ekufanele kakhulu. Noma kunjalo, ukusekelwa kwe-inthanethi kufanele kube ngokwanele, okulandelayo kunconywa: I-Fiber, i-5G, i-4G, i-ADSL, i-Satellite, i-WiMAX ne-3G. Amadivayisi okushaya izingcingo kufanele abekwe esimweni salobu buchwepheshe obuthile, obufana nalokhu: amafoni e-IP, i-adaptha ye-IP noma i-adaptha ye-ATA namaSoftphones (uhlelo/uhlelo lokusebenza).
